The main structure of the finite element model frame is a rectangular hollow steel longitudinal beam, a channel steel beam and a rectangular hollow steel rear bracket. The forward direction of the forklift is positive, the left tank bracket is a box structure, and the right longitudinal beam is slotted to reduce At the centroid position, the right engine bracket is welded to the angle and channel steel.

In the meshing and material definition, the finite element analysis of this paper uses solid elements, and the finite element model is built in ansys software. The frame is divided into 103 nodes and 54 block elements. The restraint and the load are fixed at the joint of the forklift wheel and the frame, that is, the motor support of the two front wheels and the rear bracket support of the rear wheel are fixed.

According to the quality of the main components of the forklift, the force analysis of the frame is as shown. Where F1 represents the front wheel load (two); the combined force of F2 and F3 represents the force of the gantry pin (two); the resultant force of F4 and F5 represents the force of the gantry pitch cylinder block (two); F6 is the seat The force of the chair and the fuel tank on the beam; F7 is the force of the engine to the right bracket; F8 is the force of the hydraulic tank and the battery to the left bracket; F9 is the rear wheel load (1).

The three-wheeled forklift vehicle positioning body has three fulcrums, namely the motor support of the two front wheels and the rear support support of the rear wheel. In the calculation, the two degrees of freedom of the constraint point on the horizontal plane are constrained, and the two directions cannot move in the horizontal direction, and the degrees of freedom are all released in other directions.

After the stress and strain analysis is loaded, solved and post-processed, the deformation of the frame and its joint position is the deflection of the frame in three coordinate directions, wherein the forklift moves to the X-axis direction; the forklift pitch is the Y-axis direction. The forward direction of the forklift is the Z-axis forward direction.

The first-order mode indicates that the body oscillates back and forth in the YZ plane around the X-direction central axis; the second-order mode indicates that the body oscillates back and forth in the XY plane around the Z-center axis; the third-order mode indicates that the body is around the X-axis. The YZ plane is relatively twisted before and after; the fourth-order mode indicates that the body is twisted relative to the Z-axis in the XY plane before and after; the fifth-order mode indicates that the body swings back and forth around the Z-center axis in the XY plane, while being twisted back and forth; The sixth-order mode indicates that the body swings back and forth in the YZ plane around the X-direction center axis, and is relatively twisted back and forth.

3 is the finite element analysis result of the random excitation response of the part of the vehicle body. According to the analysis, the root mean square value of the stress at the two measuring points of the serial number 1 and 2 is much larger than the other dangerous parts, indicating that the position is prone to stress concentration under vibration conditions. That is, the forklift is lifted to the highest position in the fork, and the dangerous condition of the full load is unfolded. The positions 1 and 2 are in the state of stress peak, which is prone to fatigue damage, which is the same as the position where the early crack occurs in the actual use of the vehicle body.

Conclusion 1) Combining the basic principles of elastic mechanics, using Ansys software to analyze the finite element analysis of the off-road forklift body is an effective means. 2) Static analysis shows that due to structural reasons, the unreasonable matching of local stiffness and overall stiffness of the vehicle body causes stress concentration, mainly concentrated in the engine bracket and the pitch cylinder seat of the vehicle body. 3) According to the modal analysis results, the sixth-order vibration mode and dangerous work distribution of the forklift are obtained, which provides a basis for the forklift design. The finite element method is used to analyze and predict the dynamic characteristics of the body system, and the effective structural parameters are adjusted to simplify the structure of the vehicle body and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system.

Reaming Shell

Product Description
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